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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 41(2): 489-509, 2024 Apr 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38258666

RESUMO

Introduction: Background: the underlying cause of the deficiency of ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OTCD) is a gene mutation on the X chromosome. In females, the phenotype is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to neurologic compromise secondary to hyperammonemia and it can be prompted by numerous triggers, including pregnancy. Objective: the objective of this article is to report a case of two pregnancies of an OTCD-carrier, and to review the literature describing OTCD and pregnancy, parturition and postpartum. Methods: an extensive search in PubMed in December 2021 was conducted using different search terms. After screening all abstracts, 23 papers that corresponded to our inclusion criteria were identified. Results: the article focuses on the management of OTCD during pregnancy, parturition, and the postpartum period in terms of clinical presentation, ammonia levels and treatment. Conclusions: females with OTCD can certainly plan a pregnancy, but they need a careful management during delivery and particularly during the immediate postpartum period. If possible, a multidisciplinary team of physicians, dietitians, obstetrician-gynecologist, neonatologists, pharmacists, etc. with expertise in this field should participate in the care of women with OTCD and their children during this period and in their adult life.


Introducción: Antecedentes: la causa subyacente de la deficiencia de ornitina transcarbamilasa (OTC) es una mutación genética en el cromosoma X. En las mujeres, el fenotipo es muy variable, desde asintomático hasta presentar un compromiso neurológico secundario a hiperamonemia, y puede ser provocado por numerosos factores desencadenantes, incluido el embarazo. Objetivo: el objetivo de este artículo es reportar un caso de dos embarazos de una portadora de OTC, y revisar la literatura que describe OTC y embarazo, parto y posparto. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en PubMed en diciembre de 2021 utilizando diferentes términos de búsqueda. Después de examinar todos los resúmenes, identificamos 23 artículos que correspondían a nuestros criterios de inclusión. Resultados: el artículo se centra en el manejo de la OTC durante el embarazo, el parto y el posparto en términos de presentación clínica, niveles de amonio y tratamiento. Conclusiones: las mujeres con OTC pueden planificar un embarazo, pero necesitan un manejo cuidadoso durante el parto, y particularmente, durante el posparto inmediato. Si es posible, un equipo multidisciplinar de médicos, dietistas, ginecólogos-obstetras, neonatólogos, farmacéuticos, etc., con experiencia en este campo, debe participar en el cuidado de las mujeres con OTC y sus hijos durante este periodo y en su vida adulta.


Assuntos
Doença da Deficiência de Ornitina Carbomoiltransferase , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Doença da Deficiência de Ornitina Carbomoiltransferase/genética , Doença da Deficiência de Ornitina Carbomoiltransferase/diagnóstico , Doença da Deficiência de Ornitina Carbomoiltransferase/terapia , Adulto , Complicações na Gravidez/genética , Período Pós-Parto , Heterozigoto
2.
Nutr Hosp ; 40(3): 476-484, 2023 Jun 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37154026

RESUMO

Introduction: Aim: the objective of this study was to describe the results of the implementation of a home parenteral nutrition (HPN) care programme (Nutrihome©) in a cohort of patients treated at a tertiary hospital. Methods: retrospective study of the patients included in Nutrihome© at Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. Nutrihome consists of different modules including pre-discharge nursing hospital visits and nursing home visits, deliveries of the infusion pump, consumables and parenteral nutrition bags, patient training, weekly scheduled nursing home visits, scheduled nursing phone calls, stock control phone calls and 24-hour on-call line manned by the nurses. Results: the study included 8 (75 % women) and 10 (70 % women) patients in the Nutrihome© pilot and Nutrihome© programme, respectively. A total 37 adverse events were reported during Nutrihome© pilot, 26 of which were technical, 9 clinical, 1 was catheter-related and 1 other event. Nutrihome© programme registered a total of 107 adverse events reported, 57 of which were technical, 21 clinical, 16 were catheter-related and 13 were other events. A total of 99 % of these events were solved by Nutrihome© via phone calls or home visits. Conclusions: Nutrihome© programme has been extremely useful during this pandemic, facilitaing both the start of HPN and training at the patient home without the need for hospitalisation. Additionally, the adverse events reported and solved by Nutrihome© not only reduced the physicians' burden during those tough times and the patients´ stress of being hospitalised during a pandemic, but supported the entire healthcare system.


Introducción: Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue describir los resultados de la implementación de un programa de cuidados de nutrición parenteral domiciliaria (NPD) (Nutrihome©) en una cohorte de pacientes atendidos en un hospital terciario. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes incluidos en Nutrihome© en el Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón de Madrid (España). Nutrihome consta de diferentes módulos que incluyen visitas de enfermería previas al alta y visitas al domicilio, entregas de la bomba de infusión, consumibles y bolsas de nutrición parenteral, formación del paciente, visitas semanales al domicilio programadas, llamadas telefónicas de enfermería programadas, llamadas telefónicas de control de existencias y atención telefónica de enfermería las 24 horas al día. Resultados: el estudio incluyó a 8 (75 % mujeres) y 10 (70 % mujeres) pacientes en el piloto Nutrihome© y en el programa Nutrihome©, respectivamente. Durante el piloto, se registraron un total de 37 eventos adversos, de los cuales 26 fueron técnicos, 9 clínicos, 1 relacionado con el catéter y 1 otro evento. Durante el programa Nutrihome©, se registró un total de 107 eventos adversos, de los cuales 57 fueron técnicos, 21 clínicos, 16 relacionados con el catéter y 13 otros eventos. El 99 % de estos eventos fueron resueltos por Nutrihome© por teléfono o mediante visitas a domicilio. Conclusiones: el programa Nutrihome© ha sido de gran utilidad durante esta pandemia, posibilitando tanto el inicio de la NPD como la formación en el domicilio del paciente sin necesidad de hospitalización. Además, los eventos adversos descritos y resueltos por Nutrihome© no solo redujeron la carga de los médicos durante esos tiempos difíciles y el estrés de los pacientes derivado de estar hospitalizados durante la pandemia, sino que fue un apoyo para todo el sistema de salud.


Assuntos
Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/métodos , Catéteres
3.
Nutr Hosp ; 39(5): 1166-1189, 2022 Oct 17.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36062594

RESUMO

Introduction: Medical nutrition therapy is a very useful tool in maintaining and recovering the health of patients with disease-related malnutrition, although its implementation can be complex and is not without risks. Quality processes are understood as sets of activities that are related or interact to transform input elements into results. From the SENPE Management Work Group we present the process of medical nutrition therapy (PMNT), which aims to facilitate the management of clinical nutrition of a multidisciplinary nutrition support team in a hospital setting. This paper describes the seven sub-processes PMNT is comprised of, in addition to a previous nutritional screening sub-process. Each sub-process is divided into a first section with a technical sheet detailing its general aspects, while a second section proposes key objectives, quality indicators, and standards for their evaluation. .


Introducción: El tratamiento médico nutricional es de gran utilidad en el mantenimiento y recuperación de la salud de los pacientes con desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad, aunque su implementación puede ser compleja y no está exenta de riesgos. Se entiende por proceso aquel conjunto de actividades que están mutuamente relacionadas o que interactúan para transformar elementos de entrada en resultados. Desde el Grupo de Trabajo de Gestión de la SENPE presentamos el Proceso de Tratamiento Médico Nutricional (PTMN), que tiene por objetivo facilitar la gestión de la nutrición clínica, pensando en un equipo de soporte nutricional multidisciplinar de atención al paciente hospitalizado. En este documento se describen los siete subprocesos que constituyen el PTMN, además de un subproceso previo de cribado nutricional. Cada subproceso se divide en una primera sección con una ficha técnica en la que se detallan sus aspectos generales, mientras que en la segunda sección se proponen objetivos clave, indicadores de calidad y estándares para su evaluación.


Assuntos
Desnutrição , Terapia Nutricional , Humanos , Desnutrição/terapia , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Apoio Nutricional/métodos
4.
Nutr Hosp ; 38(3): 661-666, 2021 Jun 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33871282

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: quality indicators have been proposed in Spain for assessing the various stages of clinical nutrition. However, reference standards for these indicators (feasible and relevant) based on daily practice of artificial nutrition are not available. Goals: the goal of this study was to propose quality indicators standards for their routine application to artificial nutrition in clinical practice. Material and methods: a multicenter, cross-sectional study-based on a survey applied to health professionals in the field of clinical nutrition-on the fulfilment of eight quality criteria was carried out during 2018 and 2019. The total number of processes and those that were correctly accomplished were assessed and compared with the corresponding proposed theoretical standard. Results: fifteen centers were assessed. Of eight indicators assessed, five were within the theoretical standard (correct identification of parenteral nutrition bags, semi-upright position of patients on enteral nutrition, administration of micronutrients in ready-to-use parenteral nutrition bags, checking placement of feeding tubes, and days with glycemia below 60 mg/dL). Two indicators were very close to the theoretical standard. One indicator, hyperglycemia in patients with parenteral nutrition, was far removed from its theoretical standard (15.7 % vs. 5 %). Conclusion: the administration of artificial nutrition in Spanish hospitals was performed with a high quality level. Therefore, standards based on daily clinical practice regarding artificial nutrition in Spain are proposed.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: en España se han propuesto indicadores de calidad para evaluar las diversas etapas de la asistencia en nutrición clínica. Sin embargo, no se encuentran disponibles estándares de referencia de estos indicadores (factibles y relevantes) basados en la práctica diaria de la nutrición artificial. Objetivos: ofrecer estándares de indicadores de calidad para su aplicación rutinaria en la práctica clínica de la nutrición artificial. Material y métodos: estudio transversal multicéntrico, basado en una encuesta remitida a profesionales sanitarios del ámbito de la nutrición clínica, sobre el cumplimiento de 8 criterios de calidad durante el año 2018 y 2019. Se analizó el número total de procesos evaluados y los que se cumplieron correctamente, y se compararon con el estándar teórico propuesto. Resultados: se estudiaron 15 centros. De los 8 indicadores estudiados, 5 estuvieron dentro del estándar teórico (identificación correcta de las bolsas de nutrición parenteral, posición semi-incorporada de los pacientes con nutrición enteral, administración de micronutrientes en las bolsas de nutrición parenteral "listas para su uso", comprobación de la colocación de las sondas, y días de glucemia por debajo de 60 mg/dl); dos indicadores estuvieron muy próximos al estándar teórico y, uno, la hiperglucemia en los pacientes con nutrición parenteral, lejos del estándar teórico (15,7 % vs. 5 %). Conclusión: la aplicación de la nutrición artificial se realiza en los hospitales españoles con un elevado nivel de calidad. De esta manera, se ofrecen unos estándares basados en la práctica clínica diaria de la nutrición artificial en España.


Assuntos
Benchmarking , Apoio Nutricional/normas , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Padrões de Referência , Espanha
5.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) ; 66(8): 472-479, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31171456

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Treatment with oral antineoplastic agents known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is new and, thus, little is known about their impact on nutritional status (NS), dietary intake, quality of life, and survival. The aim of this study was to provide information on these components in order to guide future nutritional recommendations. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A prospective, observational study in adults who start treatment with TKIs, in whom NS was assessed using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), anthropometric measures, biochemical parameters, and dietary intake (24-hour dietary recall). The EORTC QLQ-C30 was used to assess quality of life. Nonparametric tests were used in statistical analysis, and survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank curves. RESULTS: Of the overall sample, 21.7% had moderate malnutrition according to PG-SGA, and 74.2% moderate weight loss at 6 months, but no patient had BMI<18.5kg/m2. Patients with moderate malnutrition had lower survival at four years of diagnosis (log-rank=0.015). Energy intake was lower than recommended by the ESPEN 2017 congress, and no patient covered the protein requirements (1.5g protein/kg weight) during follow-up. A worse score on the global health scale of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was related to worse NS. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with TKIs does not appear to have a significant impact on NS and quality of life after 6 months of follow-up. Malnutrition should be prevented through individualized nutritional advice because it is related to shorter survival.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Desnutrição/mortalidade , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Estado Nutricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/uso terapêutico , Qualidade de Vida , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Ingestão de Alimentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Desnutrição/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/sangue , Necessidades Nutricionais/efeitos dos fármacos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas
6.
Nutr Hosp ; 36(3): 734-742, 2019 Jul 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31144978

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The Management Working Group of SENPE has among its objectives the development of evaluation processes in Clinical Nutrition. Previously, the document entitled "Process of nutritional care: self-evaluation guide" was prepared as a tool designed to help assess the quality of nutritional therapy in hospitalized patients, mainly from the perspective of artificial nutrition. Now a complementary text of the previous one is presented, that describes the process by which hospitalized patients are fed. We have divided the hospital feeding process into six sections, for which a general description is made and quality indicators are proposed. We hope that this work will serve to improve the quality of hospital food and to help hospital food professionals to make their work more satisfactory and effective.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El Grupo de Trabajo de Gestión de SENPE tiene entre sus objetivos el desarrollo de procesos de evaluación en Nutrición Clínica. Con anterioridad se elaboró el documento denominado "Proceso de atención nutricional: guía de autoevaluación", como una herramienta concebida para ayudar a evaluar la calidad de la terapia nutricional en pacientes hospitalizados, fundamentalmente desde la perspectiva de la nutrición artificial. Ahora se presenta un texto complementario del anterior, en el que se describe el proceso por el que alimenta a los pacientes hospitalizados. Hemos dividido el proceso de alimentación hospitalaria en seis secciones, para las que se hace una descripción general y se proponen indicadores de calidad para su evaluación. Confiamos en que este trabajo sirva para mejorar la calidad de las dietas de los hospitales y para ayudar a los profesionales de la alimentación de los hospitales a hacer su labor más satisfactoria y efectiva.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição/normas , Terapia Nutricional/normas , Nutrição Enteral/normas , Alimentos Formulados/normas , Humanos , Pacientes Internados , Apoio Nutricional , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde
7.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) ; 66(9): 555-562, 2019 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31085072

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Prevalence of disease-related malnutrition in hospitals ranges from 20%-50%. Use of nutritional screening tools should be the first step in the prevention and treatment of patients at risk of malnutrition and/or undernourished. AIMS: To implement a nutritional screening tool at admission to a tertiary hospital. METHODS: The nutrition unit prepared a protocol for early detection of nutritional risk and selected the NRS 2002 as screening tool. The protocol was approved by the hospital committee of protocols and procedures and disseminated through the intranet. NRS 2002 was included in the diet prescription software to be implemented by the nursing staff of the hospital wards and as a direct communication system with the nutrition unit. Three phases were designed: pilot phase, implementation phase, and consolidation phase. RESULTS: The pilot phase, NRS 2002 was implemented in 2hospital units to monitor software. The implementation phase was carried out in the same units, and all action protocols related to it were verified. The consolidation phase consisted of sequential extension of the protocol to the other hospital units. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of nutritional screening at hospital admission is a long and complex process that requires involvement of many stakeholders. Computer software has allowed for a rapid, simple, and automatic process, so that the results of the screening are immediately available to the nursing staff of the nutrition unit and activate the nutritional protocols when required.


Assuntos
Diagnóstico Precoce , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Avaliação Nutricional , Protocolos Clínicos , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Medicina Interna , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Projetos Piloto , Desenvolvimento de Programas , Medição de Risco , Design de Software , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Fatores de Tempo , Urologia
8.
Nutr Hosp ; 35(4): 761-766, 2018 Jun 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30070861

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) are one of the most serious concerns in patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) which involve high morbidity and cost for the healthcare system. In the last years, taurolidine lock has proven to be beneficial in the prevention of CRBSI; however, the evidence of its efficiency is limited. OBJECTIVE: to determine if taurolidine lock is a cost-effective intervention in patients on HPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: retrospective study in patients on HPN with taurolidine lock. We compared the CRBSI rate and cost of its complications before and during taurolidine lock. RESULTS: thirteen patients, six (46%) males and seven (54%) females, with a mean age of 61.08 (SD = 14.18) years received taurolidine lock. The total days of catheterization pre and per-taurolidine were 12,186 and 5,293, respectively. The underlying disease was benign in five patients (38.5%) and malignant in eight (61.5%). The CRBSI rate pre vs per-taurolidine was 3.12 vs 0.76 episodes per 1,000 catheter days (p = 0.0058). When the indication was a high CRBSI rate, this was 9.72 vs 0.39 (p < 0.001) in pre and per-taurolidine period respectively. No differences have been observed in the occlusion rates. None of the patients reported any adverse effects. The total cost of CRBSI in the pre-taurolidine period was 151,264.14 euros vs 24,331.19 euros in the per-taurolidine period. CONCLUSIONS: our study shows that taurolidine lock is a cost-effective intervention in patients on HPN with high risk of CRBSI.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/economia , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/economia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/prevenção & controle , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/economia , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/métodos , Taurina/análogos & derivados , Tiadiazinas/economia , Tiadiazinas/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Anti-Infecciosos/efeitos adversos , Custos e Análise de Custo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taurina/efeitos adversos , Taurina/economia , Taurina/uso terapêutico , Tiadiazinas/efeitos adversos
9.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr ; 64(8): 409-416, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28895536

RESUMO

AIM: To determine the impact of the type of hospital kitchen on the dietary intake of patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional, two-centre study, of cooking in a traditional kitchen (TK) and in a chilled kitchen (CK). Subjective global assessment (SGA) was used for nutritional diagnosis. Before study start, a dietician performed a nutritional assessment of the menus of each hospital. All dishes were weighed upon arrival to the ward and at the end of the meal. RESULTS: 201 and 41 patients from the centres with TK and CK respectively were evaluated. Prevalence of malnutrition risk was 50.2% at the hospital with TK and 48.8% at the hospital with CK (p=0.328). Forty-eight and 56 dishes were nutritionally evaluated at the hospitals with TK and CK respectively. Intake analysis consisted of 1993 and 846 evaluations in the hospitals with TK and CK respectively. Median food consumption was 76.83% at the hospital with TK (IQR 45.76%) and 83.43% (IQR 40.49%) at the hospital with CK (p<0.001). Based on the prevalence of malnutrition, a higher protein and energy intake was seen in malnourished patients from the CK as compared to the TK hospital, but differences were not significant after adjustment for other factors. CONCLUSIONS: Cooking in a chilled kitchen, as compared to a traditional kitchen, may increase energy and protein intake in hospitalized patients, which is particularly beneficial for malnourished patients.


Assuntos
Ingestão de Alimentos , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição/organização & administração , Desnutrição/psicologia , Idoso , Apetite , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados , Proteínas Alimentares , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Avaliação Nutricional , Refrigeração , Temperatura
10.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(3): 1200-7, 2015 Sep 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26319839

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: in recent years, researching about new oral antineoplastics has progressed while its impact on dietary intake and nutritional status (NS) hasn't developed enough yet. OBJECTIVES: dietary intake and NS assessment in patients who start treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and evaluate its impact on them. METHODS: an observational, prospective-six-months study, in which were included patients starting treatment with TKI. The intake was evaluated by a 24 h dietary record and a food frequency questionnaire. The NS was evaluated by anthropometric measurements and the patient-generated Global Subjective Assessment (PG-GSA); the results were compared with the Spanish references (SENC-semFYC, 2007 and O. Moreiras, 2013). Friedman test, χ2, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney were used in the statistical analysis. Significance p < 0.05. RESULTS: 22 patients (54.5% male) were included. At baseline, NS was adequate in 73.9% of patients according PG-GSA. Weight loss was no significant, although a high percentage of the energy and protein requirements hadn't been reached. The caloric intake was positively related with the number of meals. Dietary habits did not change during treatment. CONCLUSION: dietary intake did not reach nutritional requirements at baseline. The TKI don't seem to affect the patient's intake and nutritional status. The research about these parameters before starting treatment could prevent future complications and it would guide the dietary advice.


Introducción: la investigación sobre nuevos antineoplásicos orales sigue avanzando en los últimos años mientras que su repercusión sobre la ingesta dietética y el estado nutricional (EN) no progresa de la misma forma. Objetivos: evaluar la ingesta dietética y EN de pacientes que inician tratamiento con inhibidores tirosina quinasa (ITK) y valorar el impacto que tienen sobre ellos. Métodos: estudio observacional y prospectivo de seis meses en el que se incluyeron pacientes que iniciaban tratamiento con ITK. La ingesta se evaluó con: recuerdo 24 h y cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo. El EN se valoró con: medidas antropométricas y cuestionario de valoración subjetiva global generada por el paciente (VSGGP); los resultados se compararon con las referencias SENC-semFYC, 2007 y Moreiras O., 2013. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron: Test de Friedman, 2, Wilcoxon, Kruskall-Wallis y Mann-Whitney. Significación p < 0,05. Resultados: se incluyeron 22 pacientes (54,5% hombres). Al inicio del tratamiento, el 73,9% tenía un EN adecuado según VSG-GP. No se produjeron pérdidas de peso significativas, pese a que un porcentaje elevado no cubrió los requerimientos energéticos y proteicos. El número de comidas se relacionó positivamente con la ingesta calórica. La ingesta y los patrones de frecuencia de consumo por grupos de alimentos tampoco variaron durante el tratamiento. Conclusión: la ingesta dietética al inicio del tratamiento no alcanza los requerimientos nutricionales. Los ITK no parecen afectar la ingesta ni el estado nutricional de los pacientes. El estudio de estos parámetros antes de comenzar el tratamiento evitaría futuras complicaciones y guiaría el consejo dietético.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Dieta , Ingestão de Energia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Estado Nutricional , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Pesos e Medidas Corporais , Registros de Dieta , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Necessidades Nutricionais
11.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(3): 1386-92, 2015 Sep 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26319864

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: the implementation of quality management systems (QMS) in the health sector has made great progress in recent years, remains a key tool for the management and improvement of services provides to patients. AIM: to describe the process of implementing a quality management system (QMS) according to the standard ISO 9001:2008 in a Nutrition Unit. METHODS: the implementation began in October 2012. Nutrition Unit was supported by Hospital Preventive Medicine and Quality Management Service (PMQM). Initially training sessions on QMS and ISO standards for staff were held. Quality Committee (QC) was established with representation of the medical and nursing staff. Every week, meeting took place among members of the QC and PMQM to define processes, procedures and quality indicators. We carry on a 2 months follow-up of these documents after their validation. RESULTS: a total of 4 processes were identified and documented (Nutritional status assessment, Nutritional treatment, Monitoring of nutritional treatment and Planning and control of oral feeding) and 13 operating procedures in which all the activity of the Unit were described. The interactions among them were defined in the processes map. Each process has associated specific quality indicators for measuring the state of the QMS, and identifying opportunities for improvement. All the documents associated with requirements of ISO 9001:2008 were developed: quality policy, quality objectives, quality manual, documents and records control, internal audit, nonconformities and corrective and preventive actions. The unit was certified by AENOR in April 2013. CONCLUSION: the implementation of a QMS causes a reorganization of the activities of the Unit in order to meet customer's expectations. Documenting these activities ensures a better understanding of the organization, defines the responsibilities of all staff and brings a better management of time and resources. QMS also improves the internal communication and is a motivational element. Explore the satisfaction and expectations of patients can include their view in the design of care processes.


Introducción: la implantación de sistemas de gestión de calidad (SGC) en el sector sanitario ha presentado un gran avance en los últimos años, siendo una herramienta clave para la gestión y la mejora de los servicios ofrecidos a los pacientes. Objetivo: describir el proceso de implantación de un SGC según la Norma ISO 9001:2008 en una unidad de nutrición. Material y métodos: el proceso comenzó en octubre de 2012. Se contó con la asesoría del servicio de medicina preventiva y gestión de calidad (MPGC) del hospital. Al inicio se realizaron sesiones formativas sobre SGC y normas ISO para el personal. Se instauró un comité de calidad (CC) con representación del personal facultativo y de enfermería. Semanalmente, se reunían los miembros del CC y del servicio de MPGC para definir los procesos, los procedimientos y los indicadores de calidad. Antes de validarlos se probaron durante dos meses. Resultados: se identificaron y documentaron un total de 4 procesos (Valoración del estado nutricional, Indicación de tratamiento nutricional, Seguimiento del tratamiento nutricional y Planificación y control de la alimentación oral) y 13 procedimientos operativos donde quedó recogida toda la actividad de la unidad. Las interacciones entre ellos quedaron definidas en el mapa de procesos. En cada uno de los procesos se identificaron indicadores de calidad para medir el estado del SGC y detectar oportunidades de mejora. Se desarrollaron todos los documentos asociados a requerimientos de la Norma ISO 9001:2008: política de calidad, objetivos de calidad, manual de calidad, procedimiento de control de la documentación y registros, de auditoría interna, de no conformidad y de acciones correctivas y preventivas. La unidad obtuvo la certificación de AENOR en abril de 2013. Conclusiones: la implantación de un SGC supone hacer una reflexión sobre las actividades que realiza la unidad con el objetivo de satisfacer las expectativas de los usuarios que demandan nuestros servicios. Documentar dichas actividades asegura un mejor entendimiento de la organización, define las responsabilidades de todo el personal y provoca una mejor gestión del tiempo y los recursos. También mejora la comunicación interna y supone un elemento motivador. Explorar la satisfacción y expectativas de los pacientes permite incluir su punto de vista en el diseño de los procesos asistenciales.


Assuntos
Terapia Nutricional/normas , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde , Departamentos Hospitalares , Humanos , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/métodos , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração
12.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 16(5): 509-513, nov. 2008. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-836583

RESUMO

Las complicaciones infecciosas relacionadas con el catéter son las más frecuentes en los pacientes con nutrición parenteral domiciliaria (0.5-2 infecciones/1 000 días o 0.3-0.5 infecciones/paciente/año). Suelen originarse por diseminación de los microorganismos por vía intraluminal o extraluminal hacia la punta del catéter. La mayoría de estas infecciones están producidas por microorganismos de la flora saprofita de la piel (especialmente Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo). El tipo de infección más frecuente es la bacteriemia asociada al catéter/sepsis de catéter, cuyo diagnóstico se realiza mediante el crecimiento del mismo microorganismo en la sangre del paciente y en un cultivo del catéter. La realización de hemocultivos extraídos a través del catéter y de vía periférica son muy útiles en el diagnóstico ya que mostrarán un crecimiento mayor y más rápido de los microorganismos en los cultivos extraídos de la vía central. En los pacientes con nutrición parenteral domiciliaria es importante tratar las infecciones sin retirar el catéter. El tratamiento antibiótico se administrará a través del catéter durante al menos 2 semanas. En los últimos años se ha popularizado la técnica del sellado del catéter con antimicrobianos, que parece mejorar las tasas de salvamento del catéter y disminuir las recaídas tras el tratamiento, principalmente en la infecciones originadas por Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo.


Assuntos
Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Infecções , Nutrição Parenteral , Bacteriemia , Catéteres , Sepse , Staphylococcus
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